At the highest level, LPWAN can be split between unlicensed spectrum technologies such as LoRaWAN and licensed spectrum technologies such as Cellular. Licensed spectrum cellular LPWAN technologies have multiple advantages over unlicensed spectrum technologies such as global coverage, quality of service and security.
The different applications and environmental conditions define whether standardized cellular solutions or proprietary solutions are more suitable. There are a range of applications (Industry 4.0, Transport and Logistics, Smart Cities, Smart Home/ Buildings, agriculture, retail, health, consumer, home appliance etc.) where cellular based connectivity could be used.
Cellular solutions have several challenges, e.g. certification and compliance processes (regulatory certification, industry specific certifications, mobile operator specific certifications). Another challenge in considering cellular connectivity is the selection of a network operator for data, SMS and voice services based on coverage and roaming in the countries where IoT devices will be deployed.
Presentation: LoRa - Interesting Facts about This SubGHz Radio Technology
